%============================================================= % Tools and utilities for ALE % % Copyright (C) 1995 Olivier Laurens % All rights reserved % % Author: Olivier Laurens, % Natural Language Lab, % School of Computing Science % Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada V5A 1S6 % laurens@cs.sfu.ca % % Version: 1.0 % Date: June 1 1995 %============================================================= % % ALE = Attribute Logic Engine, by Bob Carpenter, % Gerald Penn, {carp,penn}@lcl.cmu.edu % % To Use: % compile this file in prolog after you have compiled ale.pl % % To use with the Emacs interface: % | ?- compile([ale, emacs]). % | ?- save(ale), ale_header, emacs_header. % shell% mv ale ...../bin % Then follow instructions in ale.el % % Redefine a few things in Ale :- prolog_flag(redefine_warnings,_,off). % redefine this because we want secret_quiet instead of secret_verbose clear :- retractall(edge(_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_)), retractall(parsing(_)), retractall(num(_)), % edge index retractall(go(_)), % interpreter go flag secret_quiet. % redefine this because we don't want the user to be prompted % at to prolog prompt and we want all solutions query_proceed:- fail. % redefine this because we want to show even non writable feats pp_vs([],[],Vis,Vis,_). pp_vs([F:_|FRs],[V|Vs],VisIn,VisOut,Col):- ( no_write_feat_flag(F), nl, tab(Col), write_feature(F,_), write('...'), VisMid = VisIn, ! ; nl, tab(Col), write_feature(F,LengthF), NewCol is Col + LengthF +1, pp_fs(V,VisIn,VisMid,NewCol) ), pp_vs(FRs,Vs,VisMid,VisOut,Col). pp_vs_unwritten([],[],Vis,Vis,_). pp_vs_unwritten([F:_|FRs],[V|Vs],VisIn,VisOut,Col):- ( no_write_feat_flag(F), nl, tab(Col), write_feature(F,_), write('...'), VisMid = VisIn, ! ; write_feature(F,LengthF), NewCol is Col + LengthF +1, pp_fs(V,VisIn,VisMid,NewCol) ), pp_vs(FRs,Vs,VisMid,VisOut,Col). % show_type used to crash if no constraints were defined in the signature... % It is fixed by the following (OL) show_type(Type):- nl, write('TYPE: '), write(Type), immed_subtypes(Type,SubTypes), nl, write('SUBTYPES: '), write(SubTypes), ( setof(T,T2^(sub_type(T,Type), T \== Type, \+ (sub_type(T2,Type), T2 \== Type, T2 \== T, sub_type(T,T2))),SuperTypes), ! ; SuperTypes = [] ), nl, write('SUPERTYPES: '), write(SuperTypes), ( (current_predicate(cons, (_ cons _)); current_predicate(goal, (_ goal _))), (Type cons Cons goal _,! ;Type cons Cons,!) ;Cons = none), nl, write('IMMEDIATE CONSTRAINT: '), write(Cons), add_to(Type,Tag,bot,[],IqsIn), extensionalise(Tag,bot,IqsIn), check_inequal(IqsIn,IqsOut), nl, write('MOST GENERAL SATISFIER: '), pp_fs(Tag-bot,IqsOut,5). :- prolog_flag(redefine_warnings,_,on). % use the followin when creating a saved state under sicstus with % save('ale'), ale_header, emacs_header. %ALE header ale_header:- nl, nl, write('ALE Version 2.0.1; 9 Jan 1995'), nl, write('Copyright (C) 1995, Bob Carpenter and Gerald Penn'), nl, write('All rights reserved.'), nl, nl, nointerp. %emacs_header emacs_header:- nl, nl, write('Tools for ALE Version beta; 1 March 1995'), nl, write('Copyright (C) 1995, Olivier Laurens'), nl, write('All rights reserved.'), nl. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Signature Pretty printer % % call draw_sig(bot, 0, 12). % % first argument is the type where to start % Second argument is where to start drawing on the line % third argument is width allowed for each level of depth % draw_sig(Type, Depth, Step):- abolish(shown_type/1), draw_sig1(Type,Depth,Step), abolish(shown_type/1). draw_sig1(Type, Depth, Step):- get_type(Type, [], _), walk_steps(Depth, Step), print_type(Type, _), nl. draw_sig1(Type, Depth, Step):- get_type(Type, Subtypes, _), walk_steps(Depth, Step), (current_predicate(shown_type, shown_type(_)), shown_type(Type), print_type(Type,_), write('...'), nl, ! ; (current_predicate(hide_type_flag, hide_type_flag(_)), hide_type_flag(Type), print_type(Type, _), nl,! ; complete_line(Type, Step), nl, Depth1 is Depth+Step, assert(shown_type(Type)), r_draw_sig(Subtypes, Depth1, Step) )). r_draw_sig([],_, _). r_draw_sig([Type|Subtypes], Depth, Step):- draw_sig1(Type, Depth, Step), r_draw_sig(Subtypes, Depth, Step). get_type(Type, Subtypes, Intro):- (Type sub Subtypes intro Intro), !. get_type(Type, Subtypes, []):- (Type sub Subtypes). walk_steps(X, _):- X =< 0. walk_steps(T, StepLength):- tab(StepLength), write(':'), T1 is T-StepLength, walk_steps(T1, StepLength). print_type(T, Length):- current_predicate(hide_type_flag, hide_type_flag(_)), hide_type_flag(T), !, name(T, N), length(N, L), Length is L+2, write('['), write(T), write(']'). print_type(T, Length):- name(T, N), length(N, Length), write(T). complete_line(Type, Step):- print_type(Type, T), BranchLength is Step - T, branch(BranchLength). branch(Length):- Length< 0. branch(Length):- write('.'), Length1 is Length-1, branch(Length1). hide_type(Type):- atom(Type), assert(hide_type_flag(Type)). unhide_type(Type):- atom(Type), current_predicate(hide_type_flag, hide_type_flag(_)), retractall(hide_type_flag(Type)). %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Derivation trees pretty printer % % Call chart/0. % % :-dynamic edge_width/1. edge_width(10). set_edge_width(W):- retractall(edge_width(_)), assert(edge_width(W)). display_edge_derivation(Num, Chart_width):- edge(Num,Start,Stop,_Tag,_SVs,_Iqs,Daugs,Rule), (edge_shown(Num), ! ; assert(edge_shown(Num))), graphic_display_edge(Num,Start,Stop,Daugs,Rule,Chart_width), display_edges_derivation(Daugs, Chart_width). display_edges_derivation([],_). display_edges_derivation([E1|Es],L):- display_edge_derivation(E1, L), display_edges_derivation(Es, L). graphic_display_edge(Num,Start,Stop,Daugs,Rule,ChartWidth):- edge_width(W), Gap is Start * W, tab(Gap), ELength is ((Stop-Start) * W), alength(Num,ALN), ELength1 is ELength - ALN, write_centered(ELength, Num, '-'), EL1 is ChartWidth - ELength1 - Gap - ALN + 3, tab(EL1), write(Rule), (Daugs=[] -> true ; write('-->'), writedaugs(Daugs)), nl. writedaugs([]):-!. writedaugs([D]):- write(D), !. writedaugs([D|Ds]):- write(D), write('+'), !, writedaugs(Ds). %% write_spaced_centered_numbered(13, [every,kid,runs], '.', 0). write_spaced_centered_numbered(_,[],_,N):- write(N),!. write_spaced_centered_numbered(MaxLen, [Word|Words],Separator, Number):- alength(Word,L), N is ((MaxLen - L) // 2), alength(Number,Nlen), N1 is (N-((Nlen // 2) + (Nlen mod 2))), M is ((MaxLen - L) mod 2), ( N > 0, write(Number), tab_n_times(N1,Separator), write(Word), tab_n_times(N,Separator), tab_n_times(M,Separator),! ; MaxLen1 is MaxLen-1, truncate_atom(Word, MaxLen1, TruncWord), write(TruncWord), tab(1) ), Number1 is Number+1, write_spaced_centered_numbered(MaxLen, Words, Separator, Number1). %% write_centered(13, '34', '.'). write_centered(Len, Word, Separ):- alength(Word,L), N is ((Len - L) // 2), M is ((Len - L) mod 2), ( N > 0, tab_n_times(N,Separ), write(Word), tab_n_times(N,Separ), tab_n_times(M,Separ),! ; Len1 is Len-1, truncate_atom(Word, Len1, TruncWord), write(TruncWord), tab(1) ). tab_n_times(N,_):- N < 0, !. tab_n_times(0,_):-!. tab_n_times(Times, Char):- !, write(Char), Times1 is Times-1, tab_n_times(Times1,Char). truncate_atom(Atom, Length, AtomRes):- name(Atom, Lst), truncate_lst(Lst, Length, LstRes), name(AtomRes, LstRes). truncate_lst(_,0, []):-!. truncate_lst([A|Rest], Length, [A|Result]):- Length1 is Length -1, truncate_lst(Rest, Length1, Result). alength(Atom,Length):- name(Atom, Lst), length(Lst,Length). %% display the derivation of each edge spanning the entire sentence derivations:- parsing(S), length(S,L), derivations(0,L). %% display derivation of edge number N derivation(N):- retractall(edge_shown(_)), assert(edge_shown(none)), parsing(S), length(S,L), edge_width(ML), ChartWidth is L*ML, edge(N, _, _, _, _, _, _, _), display_edge_derivation(N,ChartWidth), write_spaced_centered_numbered(ML,S,' ',0), nl,nl, fail ; true. %% display derivation of edges between vertices Start and Stop derivations(Start, Stop):- retractall(edge_shown(_)), assert(edge_shown(none)), parsing(S), length(S,L), edge_width(ML), ChartWidth is L*ML, edge(EDGE, Start, Stop, _, _, _, _, _), display_edge_derivation(EDGE,ChartWidth), write_spaced_centered_numbered(ML,S,' ',0), nl,nl,nl,nl, fail ; true. %% display all the inactive edges (if called just after derivations/0) inactives:- parsing(S), length(S,L), edge_width(ML), ChartWidth is L*ML, write('Inactive Edges: '), nl,nl, (edge(Num, Start, Stop, _, _, _, Daugs, Rule), \+ edge_shown(Num), graphic_display_edge(Num, Start, Stop, Daugs, Rule, ChartWidth), fail ; true), write_spaced_centered_numbered(ML,S,' ',0). chart:- derivations, nl,nl, inactives, nl,nl. show_edge(E):- edge(E,_,_,T,SVs,Iq,_,_), pp_fs(T-SVs,Iq). %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % Interface to parsing % % parse_string(String):- ascii2atom(String,[],[],Words), rec(Words,_Tag,_SVs,_Iqs), fail ; true. % turns a list of ascii codes into a list of atoms % the input list is segmented according to the spaces (32) % to be called initially with C and D = [] ascii2atom([], C, D, E):- atom_chars(C2,C), concat(D,[C2],E). ascii2atom([32|B], C, D, E):- atom_chars(C2, C), concat(D, [C2], D2), ascii2atom(B, [], D2, E). ascii2atom([A|B], C, D, E):- \+ A=32, concat(C,[A], C2), ascii2atom(B, C2, D, E). concat([],L,L). concat([H1|T1],L2,[H1|T3]):- concat(T1,L2,T3). writeln([]):- nl. writeln([A|B]):- write(A), writeln(B). last_sentence_analysis(X):- parsing(Sent), length(Sent, L), findall(p(Tag-SVs, Iqs), edge(_,0,L,Tag,SVs,Iqs,_,_), X). last_number_of_parses:- last_sentence_analysis(LSA), length(LSA,TP), write(TP), write(' Parse(s)'), nl. pp_fs_in_list([],_,_). pp_fs_in_list([p(FS1,Iqs)|FSs],TP,N):- pp_fs(FS1,Iqs), nl, write('---------------------------------------------------'), nl,writeln([' Object ',N,' of ',TP]), write('---------------------------------------------------'), nl,nl, N1 is N+1, pp_fs_in_list(FSs,TP,N1). pp_parses:- parsing(ToParse), last_sentence_analysis(LSA), length(LSA,TP), write('STRING: '),write(ToParse),nl, pp_fs_in_list(LSA,TP,1). decapitalize(Cap,Smal):- big_to_small(Cap,Res), name(Smal,Res). big_to_small([],[]). big_to_small([A|B],[C|Res]):- ( \+ member(A,"0123456789"), C is A + 32, ! ; C=A), big_to_small(B,Res). expand_word(W):- lex(W). :- emacs_header.